CalEarth SuperAdobe

Target SDGs

Market Suggested Retail Price

$1,150.00

Target Users (Target Impact Group)

Household, Community, NGOs

Distributors / Implementing Organizations

CalEarth has participated in many relief initiatives and their system has been implemented by several organizations including Small Earth and the Heliotrope Foundation's Konbit Shelter.

Competitive Landscape

Direct competitors include Sandbag Houses, Good Earth Global Earthbag Construction, and AECT Impact 2001A Compressed Earth Block Machine.

Regions

Worldwide

Manufacturing/Building Method

Sandbags are made to order. Barbed wire, shovels, tampers, soil, and water are other materials that must be obtained elsewhere.

To build a SuperAdobe wall system, users should lay earth-filled sandbags down and tamp each course. Between each layer, strands of barbed wire are placed to serve as a mortar-substitute and provide tensile reinforcement in the wall.

Intellectural Property Type

Patent

User Provision Model

Users can obtain SuperAdobe bags by ordering them online and having them shipped anywhere in the United States. For projects needing shipment outside of the US they provide a list of earth bag manufacturers from around the world. Users can also obtain training (campus or online) from CalEarth in earthbag construction.

Distributions to Date Status

Unknown

Design Specifications

Bags come in widths of 14, 16, 18, or 20 inches and lengths of 250, 500, and 1000 yard rolls. The earth bags are synthetic, low UV (ultra-violet) resistant and degradable. The manufacturer recommends using four-point, two strand, galvanized barbed wire between each bag course to add tensile strength. Also recommended is the use of stabilizers such as cement, lime, or asphalt emulsion mixed into the earth for more permanent structures. To protect SuperAdobe structures from erosion, plaster or exterior finishes should be used.

Each layer of bag should be tamped and coiled when stacking the wall.

Applicable SuperAdobe structures include structural arches, domes, vaults, rectilinear shapes, landscaping and infrastructure elements (dams, cisterns, roads, bridges, and shoreline stabilizers).

Educational blue prints are available for purchase for 500 USD for the “Eco-Dome” Design. Otherwise, users can build in any way they prefer with the materials and are encouraged to follow the general construction methods outlined by CalEarth. A training manual for a simple emergency sandbag shelter, in addition to books and e-books about earth-bag construction can be purchased online.

Technical Support

CalEarth offers workshops for learning how to build using the SuperAdobe system both at their campus and online. They offer introductory classes to SuperAdobe and an entire curriculum for various prices.

Replacement Components

It is unlikely that repairs are needed, however bags can be purchased in small lengths should sections of a structure need to be rebuilt.

Lifecycle

Though the full lifespan is unknown, some of the earliest earth-bag structures that CalEarth and alumni constructed have been standing for more than 10 years.

Manufacturer Specified Performance Parameters

Manufacturer performance targets include structural safety, fire-proofing and insulation, flood resistance, and ease of building.

Vetted Performance Status

CalEarth claims that performance has been vetted for structural integrity and fire resistance. Academic research has tested the quality of ventilation, lighting and insulation.

Safety

CalEarth describes the Superadobe system as being a very safe method of construction because there is no need for large equipment. Workers may be exposed to regular dangers of a construction site that include working at heights and with sharp tools and materials (barbed wire, saw to cut windows, etc.).

If constructed using CalEarth's recommendations, users should not have to use expensive equipment or perform any heavy lifting. Otherwise, users should take precaution when lifting large quantities of earth to prevent injuries associated with heavy lifting.

Complementary Technical Systems

CalEarth cites Midwest Permaculture as a educational organization that offers resources for earthbag building and a Permaculture Design Certification (PDC) upon completion of their curriculum.

Academic Research and References

Compliance with regulations

The blueprints available for purchase come with structural calculations that can be submitted to a building department for permission to build. The SuperAdobe houses are accepted for permits in several states including California which has the highest requirements in the US for resistance to earthquakes.

In 2021, SuperAdobe was evaluated by the International Code Council and received ICC compliance.

Other Information

There are international workshops for interested individuals outside of the United States.

In 2004, SuperAdobe technology was awarded the Aga Khan Award for Architecture.

ICC Evaluation Service, LLC, 2023, ICC-ES Evaluation Report ESR 4126

Building Standards, 1998. Earth Architecture and Ceramics - The Sandbag/SuperAdobe/Superlock Construction System

“Relief Initiatives”, California Institute of Earth Architecture, accessed on February 27, 2024, https://www.calearth.org/relief-initiatives

“Bag Suppliers”,  California Institute of Earth Architecture, accessed on February 27, 2024, https://static1.squarespace.com/static/575451b3d51cd4cfabfd8d77/t/57e423dcd482e995232917c2/1474569180799/Bag+Suppliers.pdf

“Shop”, California Institute of Earth Architecture, accessed on February 27, 2024,  https://www.calearth.org/shop

“Konbit Shelter”, Heliotrope foundation, accessed on February 27, 2024, https://www.heliotropefoundation.org/konbit-shelter

“Permaculture Design Course” Midwest Permaculture, accessed on February 27, 2024, https://midwestpermaculture.com/whats-covered-in-a-pdc-course/

“Natural Homes”, The Slate Group, accessed on February 27, 2024 https://slate.com/human-interest/2016/06/a-demonstration-of-earthbag-home-construction-shows-how-simple-it-is-to-do-video.html