Agriculture
January 2, 2024
Gadyen Dlo
Read SolutionImplemented by
Deep Springs International
Product Description
Kouzin Dlo is a Haitian social enterprise funded by Jessica LaPorte that distributes a locally manufactured chlorine product for treating drinking water across urban Haiti through a network of female micro-entrepreneurs.
Target SDGs
SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation
SDG 3: Good Health and Well-Being
Market Suggested Retail Price
$1.00
Target Users (Target Impact Group)
Household
Distributors / Implementing Organizations
This product is being implemented by Kouzin Dlo through a network of female micro-entrepreneurs.
Competitive Landscape
Direct competitors include Klorfasil, Gadyen Dlo, and WaterGuard.
Countries
Haiti
Manufacturing/Building Method
The disinfectant agent of this product, sodium hypochlorite, is manufactured and bottled by La Perle S.A. in Port au Prince, Haiti. This product is also sold under the brand name of AquaJif.
Intellectural Property Type
Trademark
User Provision Model
This product is distributed by a network of female micro-entrepreneurs in urban communities of Haiti.
Distributions to Date Status
As of 2020, around 57,000 bottles have been sold; treating almost around 1,000,000 gallons of water.
Active Chemical and concentration (%)
0.75% Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl)
Form
Liquid
Dosing method: Batch or flow-through
Batch
Dosing method: Automatic or manual
Manual
Dosing quantity
1 capful (6 mL) per 20 L (5 Gallon) bucket of water.
Contact time (min)
30
Target free disinfectant residual (mg/L)
2
Bacteria reduction
2 log
Virus reduction
2 log
Protozoa reduction
Unknown
Heavy metals and/or arsenic reduction
Unknown
Treatment lifespan (days)
24 hours if not stored in a covered container
Maximum recommended influent turbidity level (NTU)
Water should be low turbidity (<5 NTU) for best disinfection.
Design Specifications
The Kouzin Dlo is a 240 or 500 mL bottle that contains a 0.75% Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution.
Technical Support
Technical support is provided by local women entrepreneurs or other Kouzin Dlo sales agents.
Replacement Components
This product does not require any replacement components.
Lifecycle
With 20 L/day of drinking water consumption and 6ml of product necessary to clean 20L/day, each 240 mL bottle can last for 40 (~1 month) days and each 500 mL bottle can last about 84 days(~ 3 months).
Manufacturer Specified Performance Parameters
Manufacturers specify that this product is 90 times cheaper than other clean drinking water options available in communities through Haiti. The company also aims to recruit and train women micro-entrepreneurs to increase economic opportunities in low-income communities.
Vetted Performance Status
Hypochlorites have been widely used in disinfecting water supplies for nearly a century.
Safety
No known safety hazards are related to this product. However, water should be consumed (or re-treated) within 24 hours if not stored in a lidded container.
Complementary Technical Systems
Safe storage container
Academic Research and References
Namoos, B., 2010, Water Disinfection by Sodium Hypochlorite Solution. MSc. dissertation, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia.
Sobsey, M.D et al., 2003, Chlorination and safe storage of household drinking water in developing countries to reduce waterborne disease, Water Science and Technology, 47(3), pp.221-228.
Harshfield, E et al., 2012, Evaluating the sustained health impact of household chlorination of drinking water in rural Haiti, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 87(5), 786-795.
Lantagne and Clasen, 2012, Use of Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage Methods in Acute Emergency Response: Case Study Results from Nepal, Indonesia, Kenya, and Haiti, Environmental Science & Technology, 46(20):11352-60.
“Goal 6,” Sdgs.un.org. Available: https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal6
Compliance with regulations
Unknown for this specific product. However, the Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality lists liquid NaOCl with concentrations between 0.5% and 1% as a point-of-use water treatment method.
Evaluation methods
Sodium Hypochlorite has been used widely for centuries to disinfect drinking water.
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Any more information on patents? Which countries?
– Note: US EPA doesn’t actually “approve” products like this. They can be tested
against a guide standard protocol (link to document here: http://www.biovir.com/Images/pdf06..., and products or manufacturers can be
listed with EPA, but that’s not exactly the same as EPA “approving”
their performance or use.
There are many research papers that have documented the performance of the PUR/P&G Purifier of Water packets – although not the full system shown here. Some of these are listed below, in no particular order:
Chiller TM, Mendoza CE, Lopez MB, Alvarez M, Hoekstra RM, et al. (2006) Reducing diarrhoea in Guatemalan children: randomized controlled trial of flocculant-disinfectant for drinking-water. Bull World Health Organ 84: 28–35
Reller M. E., Mendoza C. E., Lopez M. B., Alvarez M., Hoekstra R. M., Olson C. A., Baier K. G., Keswick B. H., Luby S. P. 2003 A randomized controlled trial of household-based flocculant-disinfectant drinking water treatment for diarrhea prevention in rural Guatemala. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 69(4), 411–9. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov…
Crump J. A., Otieno P. O., Slutsker L., Keswick B. H., Rosen D. H., Hoekstra R. M., Vulule J. M., Luby S. P. 2005 Household based treatment of drinking water with flocculant-disinfectant for preventing diarrhoea in areas with turbid source water in rural western Kenya: cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 331(7515), 478. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj…