Agriculture
January 3, 2024
WaterGuard
Read SolutionImplemented by
Population Services International (PSI)
Updated on January 3, 2024
·Created on August 3, 2016
MDrop or MadiDrop is a water disinfection tablet.
The M-Drop is a porous ceramic tablet embedded with silver and/or copper nitrate. It is placed in a household drinking water storage container for water disinfection.
Target SDGs
SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation
SDG 3: Good Health and Well-Being
Market Suggested Retail Price
$20.00
Target Users (Target Impact Group)
Household
Distributors / Implementing Organizations
Non-governmental organizations, Universities, Faith-Based Organizations and Private Parties including Agua y Vida, Wine to Water, Ultimate Mission, & St Paul's Episcopal Church.
Regions
Worldwide
Manufacturing/Building Method
M-Drop tablets are manufactured from clay, sawdust, silver and/or copper nitrate, pressed into shape and fired to a ceramic state
Intellectural Property Type
Patent
User Provision Model
Users can obtain the product from organizations, agencies and private parties including Agua y Vida, Wine to Water, Ultimate Mission, St Paul's Episcopal Church.
Distributions to Date Status
Unknown
Active Chemical and concentration (%)
Ceramic tablet embedded with silver and/or copper nitrate
Form
Tablet
Dosing method: Batch or flow-through
Batch
Dosing method: Automatic or manual
Manual
Dosing quantity
One M-Drop tablet per 10 L of water
Contact time (min)
Minimum 600; 10 – 24 hours depending on water quality to be treated.
Target free disinfectant residual (mg/L)
Target silver ion concentration is <0.1 mg/L
Bacteria reduction
6 log
Virus reduction
1 log
Protozoa reduction
Unknown
Heavy metals and/or arsenic reduction
Unknown
Treatment lifespan (days)
The M-Drop remains in the water storage container, when more water is added, the MadiDrop will continue working and lasts for 6 months or longer.
Maximum recommended influent turbidity level (NTU)
Not Applicable
Design Specifications
M-Drop is a small tablet of porous clay embedded with silver. When placed in water silver ions are released gradually and disinfect waterborne pathogens. Silver concentration is below 0.01 mg/L and a 6 log in bacteria reduction and 1 log virus and protozoa reduction can be achieved after 10-24 hours, depending on how contaminated the water is.
Additional specifications: Weight: 50 grams; Length: 9.0cm; Height: 1.7; cm; Width: 3.5 cm.
Technical Support
The M-Drop is placed in the water storage container and left there for 6 months. The user should avoid moving the M-Drop from container to container as this will reduce its effectiveness. The M-Drop works best when left in a container for at least several days, preferably weeks and months. The water storage container can be cleaned as needed. The M-Drop should be handled as little as possible to prevent the oil on skin from clogging the pores but it can be cleaned by rubbing it between hands, or gently scrubbing it with a clean brush. The user must remember to replace the M-Drop after 6 months.
Replacement Components
A supply chain is needed to purchase additional or replacement MadiDrops locally.
Lifecycle
Approximately 6 months; To discard a M-Drop users need to simply throw them away into the trash, or break it into pieces and disperse them on the ground.
Manufacturer Specified Performance Parameters
Performance targets 6 log bacteria removal, 1 log virus and 1 log protozoa removal.
Vetted Performance Status
Porous Ceramic Tablet Embedded with Silver Nanopatches for Low-Cost Point-of-Use Water Purification, Performance and Acceptance of Novel Silver Impregnated Ceramic cubes for Drinking Water Treatment in Two Field sites: Limpopo Province, South Africa and Dodoma region, Tanzania
Safety
Manufacturer reports silver elution is below USEPA secondary guideline values of 0.1 mg/L.
Complementary Technical Systems
Can be used in conjunction with boiling or filtration technologies to prevent post-treatment contamination during storage.
Academic Research and References
Porous Ceramic Tablet Embedded with Silver Nanopatches for Low-Cost Point-of-Use Water Purification
J. A. Smith, B. Ehdaie, and C. Krause, “Porous metal ceramic materials and methods for making and using the same,” 2014071346:A1, 08-May-2014. https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2014071346A1/en?oq=james+a+smith+ceramic+metal+water+treatment+virginia
Compliance with regulations
Depends on local market regulations. MadiDrop offers support to distributors and resellers to obtain local certification.
Evaluation methods
Field & Laboratory evaluations, see academic research.
Other Information
Video on M-Drop.
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Emily says:
Distribution to date: the published number on their website is 664.